Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Implicature, philosophy of language: Implicature is an expression by H. P. Grice on prerequisites within a communication, which are accepted tacitly by the participants and which can be noticed in the formulation of a single sentence, e.g. through an ironic formulation. (See Paul Grice, Studies in the Way of Words, Harvard 1989, pp. 22-40.)_____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Laurence Jonathan Cohen on Implicature - Dictionary of Arguments
Meggle I 410 Conversationals implicature/Grice/Cohen: according to Grice the conversation implicature is not erased if the logical constants are truth-functional. >Truth Functions/Cohen. The assumption of non-t-functional reasons is not conveyed here by the meaning, but by the implication generated by conversational assumptions. I 411 (1) If the government falls, there will be riots in the streets. Cohen: there is nothing to choose here (stronger or weaker). I 412 (2) If it is both the case that when the government falls there will be riots in the streets and that the government will not fall, the shopkeepers will be happy. Conversationalist hypothesis/Cohen: according to the conversationalist hypothesis, the implicature normally conveys that there are indirect reasons why the antecedent is true only if the consequence is also true. (...) Thus, the inclusion of (1) in the antecedent of (2) would be quite insignificant to know the truth value of the antecedent of (1). I 415 Disjunction/"or"/conversationalist hypothesis/Cohen: According to the conversational implicature, a disjunction usually carries with it an implicature of the content that there are indirect reasons for the disjunction, although in certain cases the implicature can be explicitly erased. Implication of the reasons for a disjunction can sometimes be explicitly erased: For example, the hidden object is in the house or garden but I won't say where. It is not part of the meaning of "or" that the speaker does not know what is true. >Logical constants/Cohen._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Cohen I Laurence Jonathan Cohen "Some Remarks on Grice’s Views about the Logical Particals of Natural Languages", in: Y. Bar-Hillel (Ed), Pragmatics of Natural Languages, Dordrecht 1971, pp. 50-68 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Meggle, Frankfurt/M. 1979 Cohen II Laurence Jonathan Cohen "Mr. Strawson’s Analysis of Truth", Analysis 10 (1950) pp. 136-140 In Theories of Truth, Paul Horwich, Aldershot 1994 Grice: > Meg I G. Meggle (Hg) Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung Frankfurt/M 1979 |
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> Counter arguments against Cohen
> Counter arguments in relation to Implicature
